Correct Option: A. Written and Rigid Explanation of the Correct Answer The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria from 1979 to 1999 is classified as written and rigid for the following reasons:

1. Written Constitution:
2. A written constitution is a formal document that outlines the fundamental laws and principles governing a country. The Nigerian Constitution of 1979 was a codified document, meaning that it was explicitly written down and organized in a single text. This contrasts with an unwritten constitution, which is based on statutes, conventions, and legal precedents without a single authoritative document.
3. The 1979 Constitution was the first to establish a presidential system of government in Nigeria, and it was a comprehensive document that detailed the structure of government, the rights of citizens, and the responsibilities of public officials.
4. Rigid Constitution:
5. A rigid constitution is one that is difficult to amend or change. This means that the procedures for making amendments are more complex than those for ordinary legislation. The 1979 Constitution required a supermajority in the National Assembly and the approval of a majority of the states for any amendments to be made. This rigidity is designed to protect fundamental rights and the structure of government from frequent changes that could arise from political whims.
6. The rigidity of the constitution ensures stability and continuity in governance, as it prevents hasty or ill-considered changes that could disrupt the legal and political framework of the country.

Explanation of Why Other Options Are Incorrect

• Option B: Written and Flexible
• This option is incorrect because, while the 1979 Constitution is indeed written, it is not flexible. A flexible constitution allows for easier amendments, typically requiring only a simple majority in the legislature. The Nigerian Constitution's amendment process is much more stringent, making it rigid rather than flexible.
• Option C: Unwritten and Rigid
• This option is incorrect because it describes an unwritten constitution, which does not apply to the Nigerian Constitution of 1979. The constitution is a written document, and while it is rigid, the unwritten aspect is fundamentally inaccurate.
• Option D: Unwritten and Flexible
• This option is also incorrect for the same reasons as Option C. The Nigerian Constitution is not unwritten; it is a formal, written document. Additionally, it is not flexible, as previously explained.

Summary of Key Points

• The Constitution of Nigeria from 1979 to 1999 is a written document, providing a clear and organized framework for governance.
• It is classified as rigid due to its complex amendment process, which requires a supermajority and state approval.
• Understanding the nature of the constitution is crucial for grasping the legal and political stability it aims to provide.
• The distinction between written and unwritten, as well as rigid and flexible constitutions, is essential in civic education and understanding governance structures.

This thorough understanding of the Nigerian Constitution will aid in grasping the broader concepts of constitutional law and governance in civic education.