Correct Option: B. United Nations Organisation (UNO) Detailed Explanation: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a landmark document in the history of human rights. It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948, in Paris, France. The UDHR was created in response to the atrocities of World War II and aims to set a common standard of human rights for all people, regardless of nationality, ethnicity, or religion.

1. Historical Context: After World War II, there was a global recognition of the need to protect human rights to prevent future conflicts and atrocities. The United Nations was established in 1945, and one of its primary goals was to promote and protect human rights.
2. Adoption Process: The UDHR was drafted by a committee within the UN, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt. It went through various drafts and discussions before being finalized. The General Assembly, which consists of representatives from all member states, voted on the declaration, and it was adopted with 48 votes in favor, 8 abstentions, and no votes against.
3. Significance of the UDHR: The UDHR is not a legally binding document, but it has inspired numerous international treaties, national constitutions, and laws that protect human rights. It outlines fundamental rights and freedoms that all individuals are entitled to, such as the right to life, liberty, and security, freedom of expression, and the right to education.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

• A. Economic Communities of West African States (ECOWAS): ECOWAS is a regional political and economic union of West African countries established in 1975. While it plays a role in promoting economic integration and stability in West Africa, it did not adopt the UDHR. Its focus is primarily on regional issues rather than global human rights standards.
• C. African Union (AU): The African Union, established in 2001, is a continental union consisting of 55 African countries. While the AU has its own human rights instruments, such as the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, it did not adopt the UDHR. The AU's focus is on promoting unity and cooperation among African states, not on the initial establishment of global human rights standards.
• D. European Union (EU): The European Union is a political and economic union of European countries that was established in the 1990s. While the EU has adopted various human rights policies and treaties, it did not adopt the UDHR. The EU's human rights framework is influenced by the UDHR, but it is not the body that created it.

Revision Summary:

• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the United Nations Organisation (UNO) on December 10, 1948.
• The UDHR was created to establish a common standard of human rights for all people after the atrocities of World War II.
• The document has inspired numerous international treaties and national laws protecting human rights.
• Other options (ECOWAS, AU, EU) are regional organizations that did not adopt the UDHR and focus on different aspects of governance and cooperation.