Correct Option: C. Authority of Heads of State and Government Detailed Explanation: The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional political and economic union of fifteen countries located in West Africa. Its primary aim is to promote economic integration and cooperation among its member states. Within ECOWAS, various organs play specific roles, but the most active and influential is the Authority of Heads of State and Government.

1. Role of the Authority of Heads of State and Government:
2. This body consists of the heads of state or government of the member countries. It is the highest decision-making organ of ECOWAS and meets regularly to discuss and make decisions on critical issues affecting the region.
3. The Authority sets the overall policy direction for ECOWAS, including economic policies, peace and security initiatives, and regional integration strategies.
4. It has the power to adopt protocols and decisions that member states are expected to implement, making it a central player in the governance of ECOWAS.
5. Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
6. A. Tribunal of the Community:
   • The Tribunal serves as the judicial arm of ECOWAS, responsible for interpreting and applying the laws of the community. While it plays a crucial role in ensuring compliance with ECOWAS laws and resolving disputes, it does not have the same level of influence or decision-making power as the Authority of Heads of State and Government.
7. B. Technical and Specialized Commission:
   • This commission focuses on specific areas such as agriculture, trade, and health. While it provides technical expertise and recommendations, it does not have the authority to make binding decisions or set policies for the entire community. Its role is more supportive and advisory.
8. D. Council of Ministers:
   • The Council of Ministers consists of ministers from member states, typically responsible for implementing decisions made by the Authority of Heads of State and Government. While it plays a significant role in the administration of ECOWAS, it is subordinate to the Authority and does not have the same level of authority or influence.

Summary of Key Points:

• The Authority of Heads of State and Government is the most active organ of ECOWAS, making critical decisions and setting policies for the region.
• The Tribunal of the Community serves a judicial function but lacks decision-making power.
• The Technical and Specialized Commission provides expertise but does not set policies.
• The Council of Ministers implements decisions but is subordinate to the Authority.

Revision Summary:

• The Authority of Heads of State and Government is the highest decision-making body in ECOWAS.
• It influences regional policies and strategies directly affecting member states.
• Other organs like the Tribunal, Technical Commission, and Council of Ministers have supportive or subordinate roles.
• Understanding the hierarchy and functions of these organs is crucial for grasping ECOWAS's operational dynamics.