To solve the problem of the trader's gain or loss, we need to break down the information given step by step. ### Step 1: Calculate the Cost Price (CP) of the Oranges The trader bought 100 oranges at a rate of 5 oranges for N1.20. 1. **Find the cost of one orange:** \[ \text{Cost of 5 oranges} = N1.20 \] \[ \text{Cost of 1 orange} = \frac{N1.20}{5} = N0.24 \] 2. **Calculate the total cost for 100 oranges:** \[ \text{Total Cost Price (CP)} = 100 \times N0.24 = N24.00 \] ### Step 2: Determine the Number of Oranges Sold Out of the 100 oranges, 20 got spoilt. Therefore, the number of oranges that were sold is: \[ \text{Number of oranges sold} = 100 - 20 = 80 \] ### Step 3: Calculate the Selling Price (SP) of the Oranges The remaining 80 oranges were sold at a rate of 4 oranges for N1.50. 1. **Find the selling price of one orange:** \[ \text{Selling price of 4 oranges} = N1.50 \] \[ \text{Selling price of 1 orange} = \frac{N1.50}{4} = N0.375 \] 2. **Calculate the total selling price for 80 oranges:** \[ \text{Total Selling Price (SP)} = 80 \times N0.375 = N30.00 \] ### Step 4: Calculate Gain or Loss Now, we can find out if there was a gain or loss by comparing the total selling price with the total cost price. 1. **Calculate the gain:** \[ \text{Gain} = \text{Total SP} - \text{Total CP} = N30.00 - N24.00 = N6.00 \] ### Step 5: Calculate the Percentage Gain To find the percentage gain, we use the formula: \[ \text{Percentage Gain} = \left( \frac{\text{Gain}}{\text{Total CP}} \right) \times 100 \] Substituting the values: \[ \text{Percentage Gain} = \left( \frac{N6.00}{N24.00} \right) \times 100 = 25\% \] ### Conclusion The correct answer is **B. 25% gain**. ### Explanation of Other Options - **Option A (30% gain)**: This option is incorrect because the calculated percentage gain is 25%, not 30%. The calculation of gain was based on the correct cost and selling prices. - **Option C (30% loss)**: This option is incorrect as there was no loss; the trader made a profit of N6.00, which indicates a gain, not a loss. - **Option D (25% loss)**: This option is also incorrect because it suggests a loss, while the calculations show a gain of 25%. ### Revision Summary - The cost price of 100 oranges was N24.00. - After spoiling 20 oranges, 80 were sold at a total selling price of N30.00. - The gain was calculated as N6.00, leading to a percentage gain of 25%. - The correct answer is B. 25% gain.