**Correct Option: B. Polyethylene (PE)** ### Detailed Explanation: **1. Understanding Polyethylene (PE):** Polyethylene (PE) is one of the most widely used synthetic polymers in the world. It is known for its excellent durability, chemical resistance, and versatility. PE is produced through the polymerization of ethylene monomers, which are derived from fossil fuels. There are different types of polyethylene, including low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), each with unique properties that make them suitable for various applications. **2. Properties of Polyethylene:** - **Durability:** PE is resistant to impact and can withstand various environmental conditions, making it ideal for outdoor applications. - **Chemical Resistance:** It does not react with many chemicals, which allows it to be used in packaging for food and chemicals without degrading. - **Flexibility and Strength:** Depending on its density, PE can be flexible (LDPE) or rigid (HDPE), allowing it to be used in a wide range of products from plastic bags to containers and pipes. **3. Applications of Polyethylene:** PE is used in a variety of products, including: - Plastic bags - Bottles - Containers - Pipes - Toys - Insulation for wires ### Why the Other Options Are Incorrect or Weaker: **A. Polylactic Acid (PLA):** - **Biodegradability:** PLA is a biodegradable polymer made from renewable resources like corn starch or sugarcane. While it is used in some applications, such as biodegradable packaging and 3D printing, it does not have the same level of chemical resistance and durability as PE. PLA is more susceptible to heat and moisture, which limits its use in many applications where durability is required. **C. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC):** - **Chemical Resistance:** PVC is indeed durable and resistant to chemicals, but it is often less flexible than PE and can be more brittle, especially in colder temperatures. Additionally, the production and disposal of PVC can release harmful chemicals, making it less environmentally friendly compared to PE. While PVC is widely used in construction and plumbing, it does not match the overall versatility and widespread use of PE in everyday products. **D. Polyamide (Nylon):** - **Strength and Flexibility:** Nylon is known for its strength and elasticity, making it suitable for textiles and engineering applications. However, it is not as chemically resistant as PE and can absorb moisture, which can weaken its structure over time. Nylon is often used in applications like clothing, ropes, and automotive parts, but it is not as commonly used in the production of plastics for general consumer goods as PE. ### Summary of Key Points: - **Polyethylene (PE)** is the most commonly used synthetic polymer for plastics due to its durability and chemical resistance. - **PLA** is biodegradable but lacks the durability and chemical resistance of PE. - **PVC** is durable but can be brittle and environmentally concerning. - **Nylon** is strong but not as chemically resistant and is less versatile for general plastic applications. ### Revision Summary: - Polyethylene (PE) is the correct answer due to its durability and chemical resistance. - PLA is biodegradable but less durable. - PVC is durable but has environmental concerns and is less flexible. - Nylon is strong but not as versatile for general plastic use.