The correct option is D. sugarcane. Explanation of the Correct Answer Fibrous Root System: A fibrous root system is characterized by a network of thin, branching roots that spread out from the base of the plant. This type of root system is typically found in monocots (monocotyledons), which are plants that have one seed leaf. Fibrous roots are advantageous for several reasons: - They help in anchoring the plant securely in the soil. - They increase the surface area for water and nutrient absorption. - They are effective in preventing soil erosion. Sugarcane (Option D): Sugarcane (genus Saccharum) is a grass that has a fibrous root system. The roots of sugarcane are shallow but extensive, allowing the plant to absorb moisture and nutrients efficiently from the top layers of the soil. This fibrous root system is particularly beneficial in the environments where sugarcane is typically grown, as it helps the plant adapt to varying soil conditions and moisture levels. Why the Other Options Are Incorrect A. Cotton: Cotton (Gossypium) has a taproot system rather than a fibrous root system. In a taproot system, there is a primary root that grows deeper into the soil, with smaller lateral roots branching off. This type of root system allows cotton plants to access deeper water sources, which is crucial in arid regions where they are often cultivated. B. Coffee: Coffee (Coffea) also primarily has a taproot system. While coffee plants do develop some fibrous roots, the main root structure is taproot-based, which allows the plant to establish a strong anchor and access nutrients and water from deeper soil layers. This is important for the growth and yield of coffee plants, especially in varying climatic conditions. C. Cowpea: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) typically has a more fibrous root system than cotton or coffee, but it is not as pronounced as that of sugarcane. Cowpeas can develop a combination of fibrous and taproot systems, but they are generally classified as having a fibrous root system. However, compared to sugarcane, the fibrous nature of cowpea roots is less extensive and less adapted to the same environmental conditions. Summary of Key Points

• Fibrous Root System: Characterized by a network of thin, branching roots; common in monocots.
• Sugarcane: Has a fibrous root system that is effective for nutrient and water absorption, making it well-suited for its growing conditions.
• Cotton and Coffee: Both have taproot systems, which are not as effective in shallow soil conditions compared to fibrous roots.
• Cowpea: While it has a fibrous root system, it is not as extensive or specialized as that of sugarcane.

Revision Summary

• Sugarcane has a fibrous root system, which is beneficial for nutrient absorption and soil stability.
• Cotton and coffee have taproot systems, which allow for deeper water access.
• Cowpea has a fibrous root system but is less specialized than sugarcane.
• Understanding root systems is crucial for effective agricultural practices and crop management.