The correct option is
B. General Murtala Mohammed.
Detailed Explanation
- Historical Context:
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The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) was a key player in Angola's struggle for independence from Portuguese colonial rule, which culminated in 1975. The MPLA was recognized as the legitimate government of Angola by several countries, including Nigeria.
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General Murtala Mohammed's Leadership:
- General Murtala Mohammed was the military ruler of Nigeria from 1975 until his assassination in 1976. His administration was characterized by a strong foreign policy that supported liberation movements across Africa, particularly in Southern Africa.
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Under his leadership, Nigeria took a bold stance against colonialism and apartheid, supporting various liberation movements, including the MPLA in Angola. This was part of a broader Pan-Africanist approach that sought to promote self-determination and independence for African nations.
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Recognition of MPLA:
- In 1975, shortly after the MPLA declared victory in the Angolan Civil War, Nigeria officially recognized the MPLA as the legitimate government of Angola. This recognition was significant as it aligned Nigeria with other African nations that supported the MPLA and opposed colonialism and imperialism.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect
- A. General Yakubu Gowon:
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General Yakubu Gowon was the military head of state before Murtala Mohammed, ruling from 1966 to 1975. While he did support various liberation movements, the specific recognition of the MPLA occurred after his tenure.
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C. General Muhammadu Buhari:
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General Muhammadu Buhari came to power in 1983, long after the MPLA had already been recognized by Nigeria. His administration did not play a role in the recognition of the MPLA.
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D. General Ibrahim Babangida:
- General Ibrahim Babangida ruled Nigeria from 1985 to 1993. Like Buhari, he was not involved in the recognition of the MPLA, as this event took place during Murtala Mohammed's rule.
Summary of Key Points
- The MPLA was recognized by Nigeria as the legitimate government of Angola in 1975.
- General Murtala Mohammed was the military ruler of Nigeria at that time and actively supported liberation movements in Africa.
- Other options (Gowon, Buhari, Babangida) are incorrect as they were either before or after the recognition of the MPLA.
- This recognition was part of Nigeria's broader foreign policy aimed at supporting African independence and self-determination.
Revision Summary
- Nigeria recognized the MPLA as the legitimate government of Angola in 1975.
- General Murtala Mohammed was the military ruler who made this recognition.
- His administration was known for supporting liberation movements across Africa.
- Other military leaders (Gowon, Buhari, Babangida) were not involved in this recognition.