Correct Option: B. National Population Commission Detailed Explanation: The 1979 Constitution of Nigeria was a significant document that laid the foundation for the country's governance structure after a period of military rule. Among its various provisions, it established several key institutions aimed at promoting good governance and addressing specific national issues.

1. Understanding the National Population Commission (NPC):
2. The National Population Commission was established to oversee population data collection, analysis, and dissemination. This is crucial for national planning, resource allocation, and policy formulation.
3. The NPC is responsible for conducting population censuses and surveys, which are essential for understanding demographic trends and making informed decisions regarding development and social services.
4. Context of the 1979 Constitution:
5. The 1979 Constitution was Nigeria's first attempt at a democratic governance structure after years of military rule. It aimed to create a framework for civil rights, governance, and the establishment of various commissions and agencies to address specific national needs.
6. The establishment of the NPC under this constitution reflects the importance placed on demographic data in governance and planning.
7. Role of the NPC:
8. The NPC plays a vital role in providing accurate population statistics, which are necessary for effective governance. This includes determining the distribution of resources, planning for education, healthcare, and infrastructure, and ensuring representation in government.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

• A. National Human Rights Commission:
• While the protection of human rights is crucial, the National Human Rights Commission was not established by the 1979 Constitution. It was created later, in 1995, to promote and protect human rights in Nigeria.
• C. Federal Road Safety Commission:
• The Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) was established in 1988, well after the 1979 Constitution was enacted. Its primary focus is on road safety management and reducing road traffic accidents, which is not a function outlined in the 1979 Constitution.
• D. Federal Civil Defense Corps:
• The Federal Civil Defense Corps (now known as the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps) was established in 2003. Its role is to provide security and disaster management, which is not related to the constitutional provisions of the 1979 Constitution.

Summary of Key Points:

• The National Population Commission was established by the 1979 Constitution to manage population data and support national planning.
• The NPC is essential for conducting censuses and providing demographic information for governance.
• The other options (A, C, D) were established after the 1979 Constitution and serve different purposes unrelated to the constitutional framework of that time.
• Understanding the historical context of these institutions is crucial for grasping their roles in Nigeria's governance structure.