The correct option for maintaining biodiversity in a managed ecosystem is C. Habitat restoration. Detailed Explanation Why Habitat Restoration is Correct:

1. Definition of Habitat Restoration: Habitat restoration involves the process of returning a degraded or destroyed ecosystem to a stable, healthy state. This can include replanting native vegetation, removing invasive species, and rehabilitating soil and water quality.
2. Biodiversity Benefits: Restoring habitats directly increases biodiversity by providing the necessary conditions for various species to thrive. Healthy ecosystems support a wide range of plants, animals, and microorganisms, which contribute to ecological balance and resilience.
3. Ecosystem Services: Restored habitats can enhance ecosystem services such as pollination, water purification, and carbon sequestration. These services are vital for human well-being and environmental health.
4. Long-term Sustainability: Habitat restoration promotes long-term sustainability by creating environments where species can adapt and evolve. This is crucial in the face of climate change and other environmental pressures.
5. Community Involvement: Restoration projects often involve local communities, fostering a sense of stewardship and awareness about the importance of biodiversity.

Why the Other Options are Incorrect: A. Monoculture Farming: - Definition: Monoculture farming is the agricultural practice of growing a single crop species over a wide area for many consecutive years. - Impact on Biodiversity: This practice reduces biodiversity significantly because it eliminates the variety of plant and animal species that would normally coexist in a diverse ecosystem. It can lead to soil degradation, increased vulnerability to pests and diseases, and a loss of genetic diversity. B. Invasive Species Introduction: - Definition: Introducing non-native species to an ecosystem, often with the intention of enhancing biodiversity or for agricultural purposes. - Impact on Biodiversity: Invasive species can outcompete native species for resources, disrupt food webs, and lead to the decline or extinction of native species. This practice typically harms biodiversity rather than helps it. D. Urban Sprawl: - Definition: Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into surrounding rural land. - Impact on Biodiversity: Urban sprawl leads to habitat destruction, fragmentation, and pollution, which severely threaten local wildlife and plant species. It reduces the available space for natural habitats and can isolate populations, making it difficult for species to survive. Summary of Key Points

• Habitat restoration is the most effective practice for maintaining biodiversity as it actively works to improve and rehabilitate ecosystems.
• Monoculture farming reduces biodiversity by promoting a single crop species, leading to ecological imbalances.
• Invasive species introduction disrupts native ecosystems and can lead to the decline of local species.
• Urban sprawl destroys habitats and fragments ecosystems, further threatening biodiversity.

By focusing on habitat restoration, we can create healthier ecosystems that support a diverse range of life, which is essential for the planet's ecological balance and resilience.